Winter: Winter makes it a perfect time to go on a safari at the Kaziranga or Sundarban forests. The cool climate is favorable for most stunning destinations when the valleys and scenic towns bloom.
Summer: Summer can be harsh at some places while it can also be a good time to visit snow regions. Places like Gangtok, Ziro Valley are best to explore in summer when the cold is bearable.
The best time to visit East/North-East India will depend on the changing temperature in each state due to differences in geographical location.
Monsoon: The rainy days can affect the outings at most places in India and hence not the best time to plan a vacation, unless you particularly wish to explore some destinations during monsoon.